In the martensite state this material can be readily deformed. More interesting thing with this bar is that, very little transformation rotation can be induced by mechanically cycling between 8. They dont use motors or magnetic fields to generate force. Shape memory alloys and actuation applications the university of. Unfortunately, the actuators also exhibit a large hysteresis, which makes them difficult to control. Presents a design methodology for shape memory alloy sma components such as wires, beams and springs for different applications.
An introduction to various shape memory phenomena in. Information engineering, rsise, australian national university, canberra, act 0200, australia abstract this paper presents a frequency response analysis of nickeltitanium shape memory alloy sma wires that are the active elements in an sma actuator. Instead, the technology uses shapememory alloy to generate motion. Johnson tini alloy company, san leandro, ca, usa abstract shapememory actuators are used where a large force and stroke are required and thermodynamic efficiency is not essential. Casmart collaborative best practices and case studies. Composable flexible small actuators built from thin shape. The demand for shape memory alloy sma actuators in hightechnology applications is increasing.
Design of shape memory alloy spring actuator for pinch valve actuation written by manikandan n. Most of the engineering applications require helical springs as actuators and proper design of sma helical. Even though previous work show the unique capability of this technology for bladder voiding, the low voiding volume and high energy consumption of the device limit the advancement of this technique. The broad aim of this dissertation is also to pro vide a users guide to the design of smabased actuators. The design approach includes coupling between the onedimensional thermomechanical constitutive relations and a lumped capacitance transient thermal analysis. Design optimisation of shape memory alloy linear actuator. Sma material modelling is the first step to develop suitable control strategies. Frequencydomain control design for shape memory alloy. Issues in the design of shape memory alloy actuators stephane. In this paper, the application of sma actuators for aerospace applications is extended by presenting a novel proofofconcept active jet engine intake using nitinol shape memory alloy wire actuators. Ryan walker a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfillment of the. Design of shape memory alloy spring actuator for pinch. International journal of advanced flexible shape memory.
This book provides a systematic approach to realizing niti shape memory alloy actuation, and is aimed at science and engineering students who would like to develop a better understanding of the behaviors of smas, and learn to design, simulate, control, and fabricate these actuators in a systematic approach. Keywords design, shape memory alloy, linear actuator, niti, nitinol, material. In order to help realize this goal and reduce the development time and required experience for the fabrication of. Design optimization of structures with shape memory alloy member actuators michele pachikara chair of the supervisory committee. The solidsolid, diffusionless phase transformations in thermally responsive sma allows them to demonstrate unique characteristics. The aim of this research is to develop the methodology and the necessary tools to design and produce linear shape memory alloy actuators to. The shape memory effect is often exploited when smas are used as actuators 6 15. This contribution provides a modelbased control design approach for shape memory alloy sma actuators with position feedback. Application of these aspects is illustrated through case studies resulting from our own sma designs. Bundledwire sma linear actuators are unique to the linearmotion industry. Shape memory alloy sma actuators have drawn much attention and interest due to their unique and superior properties, and are expected to be equipped in many modern vehicles at competitive market prices.
Smas are used in a variety of applications such as automobiles, electrical and home appliances, and housing. Smas possess the ability to undergo shape change at low temperature. Pdf on the design of a shape memory alloy spring actuator using. Design of shape memory alloy sma actuators request pdf.
Titaniumnickel tini shape memory alloys smas are used in the form of coil springs in most products because the coil springs generate a large stroke and a high recovery force. Shape memory alloys smas are smart materials that have the ability to recover their original shape by eliminating residual deformations, when subjected to adequate temperature rise shape memory effect. Shape memory alloy engineering introduces materials, mechanical, and aerospace engineers to shape memory alloys smas, providing a unique perspective that combines fundamental theory with new approaches to design and modeling of actual smas as compact and inexpensive actuators for use in aerospace and other applications. Reddy 14 design of shape memory 15 alloy sma actuators 16 17 123 layout. Request pdf on jan 1, 2015, ashwin rao and others published design of shape memory alloy sma actuators find, read and cite all the research you need. Control is an integral part of shape memory alloy sma actuation. Eli livne, professor aeronautics and astronautics a capability was developed to perform massminimization of a truss with sma actuation to determine optimal element diameters and actuator applied temperature changes. Since the discovery of shape memory in titaniumnickel, a number of inventions. The use of shape memory alloy sma actuators to restore voiding of bladder for myogenic under active bladder uab patients is proposed recently.
The key advantage is that sma actuators do not require bulky and complicated mechanical design to function, where the active element e. In numerous studies, it was emphasised that only a few of patented shape memory alloy applications are commercially successful due to material limitations combined with a lack of material and design knowledge and associated tools. An architecture for fast and accurate control of shape. On the design of a shape memory alloy spring actuator.
The nitinol bar used in this actuator is, in fact, with twoway shape memory, i. Biased and twoway shape memory alloy actuators youtube. Shape memory alloys smas are a specific class of material with the ability to recover their original shape by a reversible martensitic phase transformation through a temperature change. This paper proposes a practical design method for improving the frequency and efficiency of the sma coil spring actuator. Design of shape memory alloy sma actuators springerlink. Issues in the design of shape memory alloy actuators. Design of shape memory alloy actuators for direct power by. Sma is a material that in general can exist in two states. It is shown that there is not an obvious single, linear route a. The electrothermomechanical transmission behavior is described by linearized partial transfer functions. Lasermachined shape memory alloy sensors for position.
Shape memorynitinol alloy springs or nitinol trained wires characteristic to ensure mechanical actions with temperature changes or heated with electrical current, allows the development of simple, more compact and reliable. After removal of the force, the alloy shows permanent deformation. Shape memory alloys sma are an amalgamation of metals that can remember their shape. Design and control of a proofofconcept active jet engine. Frequency response analysis of shape memory alloy actuators yee h.
This property enables wide application of smas in the design of innovative actuator systems. Materials free fulltext design of shape memory alloy. Keywords, ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, composite, torque actuators, superelastic behavior 1. This short monograph presents an analysis and design methodology for shape memory alloy sma components such as wires, beams, and springs for different applications. Comparison between large index and pitch angle lip design and nonlip design of shape memory alloy sma coil spring actuators. Shape memory alloys and their application to actuators for. Since the shape memory effect sme in the tini shape memory alloy sma was discovered, many products have been developed that use the properties of smas. Guidelines on the design, characterization, and operation. This special behavior attracts the use of smas as efficient strokeforce actuators. Design optimization of structures with shape memory alloy. Another advantage of using the sma springs is that they can function as actuators as well as sensors. The design approach described herein will provide a practical and convenient method for use in the design of shape memory alloy actuators. This thesis considers the application of shape memory alloy sma actuators for shape control of the undertray of a sports car. The use of shape memorynitinol alloys for actuation represents a technological opportunity for development of innovative thermostatic and electromechanical actuators.
We explore possible design considerations and applications. Shape memory alloy research and technology casmart is to enable the design of revolutionary applications based on shape memory alloy sma technology. Fabrication and design of hybrid monolithic shape memory. How sma linear actuators compare to traditional designs. Presents a design methodology for shape memory alloy sma components such as. In this paper, we studied the optimal design of nickel titanium shape memory alloy sma based actuators. The large coil diameter improves the cooling performance for highfrequency actuation. There is no requirement for additional bias elements to. A new approach to the design of helical shape memory alloy. Characterization and design of antagonistic shape memory. Design of shape memory alloy sma actuators ashwin rao.
The design of the intake model is described and the dynamic. On the design of shape memory alloy wire bundle actuators. Antagonistic shape memory actuators use opposing shape memory alloy sma elements to create devices capable of producing differential motion paths and twoway mechanical work in a very ef. Development of advanced actuators using shape memory. Request pdf on jan 1, 2015, ashwin rao and others published design of shape memory alloy sma actuators find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Theyre often less costly than comparably sized electric motors. Labview1996, labview user manual, national instruments. Due to their unique properties and behavior, the shape memory alloys smas.
Due to nonlinear hysteresis behavior of smas, the control of sma actuators is a challenging task. A shape memory alloy sma is able to memorise and recover its original shape, after it. Selffolding origami using torsion shape memory alloy wire. Proceedings of the asme 2014 international design engineering technical conferences and computers and information in engineering conference. The solidsolid, diffusionless phase transformations in thermally responsive sma allows them to demonstrate unique characteristics like superelasticity and shape memory effects. Design of shape memory alloy coil spring actuator for. Design and anchorage dependence of shape memory alloy. In order to help realize this goal and reduce the development time and required experience for the fabrication of sma actuation systems, several modeling. Introduction ferromagnetic shape memory alloys fsma have attracted a strong attention among material science and actuator research community, as the speed of actuator based on fsma is considered very fast, yet some of fsma provide large stress. Fabrication and design of hybrid monolithic shape memory alloy actuators by d.
Shape memory alloy wire actuators for soft, wearable. A shapememory alloy is an alloy that can be deformed when cold but returns to its predeformed remembered shape when heated. Frequency response analysis of shape memory alloy actuators. Shape memory alloys actuators sma actuators youtube. Selffolding origami using torsion shape memory alloy wire actuators. Shape memory alloy sma actuators have drawn much attention and interest in recent decades due to their unique properties. Shape memory alloys sma offer several advantages over traditional electromechanical devices. Biased and twoway shape memory alloy actuators shape memory technology. They have applications in biomedicine, robotics and the automotive and aerospace industry as lightweight, solidstate alternatives to conventional actuators. Shape memory alloy sma actuators have the large force to volume ratio that make them an ideal candidate for minimally invasive tools. Design of torque actuators based on ferromagnetic shape.
Engineering design tools for shape memory alloy actuators. Performance of the shape memory alloy sma coil spring actuator in cyclic actuation as an artificial muscle is strongly related to the mechanical design of the coil geometry. Sma modelling thermomechanical models are very useful when it comes to predicting the complex response from a thermomechanical point of view of materials with shape memory. A shape memory alloy sma actuator is widely used as an arti.